DNS (Domain Name System) The Domain Name System (DNS) is a system used for mapping or translating a URL into its corresponding IP address . It allows users to access websites using easy-to-remember domain names instead of numeric IP addresses. Structure of DNS A domain name can be divided into: TLD (Top-Level Domain) Main Domain Subdomain The TLD (Top-Level Domain) is categorized into two main types: Generic Top-Level Domains (gTLDs) — e.g., .com , .org , .net , etc. Country Code Top-Level Domains (ccTLDs) — e.g., .tz , .ke , .zm , and many others. DNS Naming Rules When naming a domain: It should not exceed 63 characters . Only letters (A–Z) , digits (0–9) , and hyphens (-) are allowed. A hyphen cannot appear at the beginning or end of a domain name. Types of DNS Records DNS uses several types of records, including: A record — maps a domain to an IPv4 address AAAA record — maps a domain to an IPv6 address ...